Consumer Securities Trading in United States

The following is an in depth look at the effects the Internet has had on trading securities in the United States. Its purpose is to define the impact of the Internet by determining specific changes in the structure of the trading market as a result of the numerous online brokerages that have surfaced in the past few years. A brief look at traditional brokerages and market characteristics prior to the advent of the Internet provides a foundation with which to measure many of its impacts. The arrival of the online brokerage model has not only introduced an entirely new vehicle with which to trade securities, but it also beginning to effect the way traditional brokerages view their own business models. Specifically, it appears that both the online/discount model and full service model of brokerages will both succeed in the next few years, with the top firms exhibiting characteristics somewhere between the two extremes. New Ameritrade television commercials debuted early this year with a twenty-something-year-old punk extolling the virtues of his new brokerage account to various business men and women. Perhaps the witty E*trade commercial featuring monkeys that first aired during the 2000 Super Bowl was more notable. These commercials are quite a contrast to the traditional brokerage commercials of Merrill Lynch, Morgan Stanley Dean Witter, and Fidelity among others. This contrast is for good reason. Online brokerages have uprooted the traditional model of consumer securities trading and have attracted a critical mass of followers. Before brokerage fees were deregulated 1975, eliminating fixed commissions, trading was something only done by the wealthy. Since then, fees have dropped considerably among the full-service firms making it possible for more and more people to manage portfolios. Until 1995 there was still a fundamental restraint for many consumers: access to timely and accurate information at any time from their own computer. With the arrival of online brokerages in 1995 came a slew of options for investors, new and old, to access an abundance of information and research, and to initiate their own trades all at considerably discounted fees. According to Deutsche Banc, as of 2Q00, online brokerage accounts represented approximately 25% of all accounts in the United States. Furthermore, by 2003, online brokerage accounts are estimated to control 50% of the brokerage market. The online model has already attracted nearly 20 million investors, initiating an increase in overall trading volume. An brief examination of the brokerage industry pre-arrival of the Internet and an in depth look at the brokerage industry now illuminates the many differences and possible implications for the future of consumer securities trading in the United States. Traditional brokerages have been operating freely since 1975. The deregulation of brokerage fees at this time allowed new firms to enter the market, marking the first major alteration in the way Wall Street traditionally offered its services. Before 1975, the market consisted solely of â€Å"full service† firms, those firms who offer trading, research, and financial advice through brokers or financial advisors at a considerable fee. After fees were deregulated, â€Å"discount† firms began to appear, offering consumers smaller fees, but at the cost of less research and financial advice. The market slowly split between these two types of business models, but they were fundamentally similar for 20 years: generate revenue by providing consumers the ability to trade and receive financial advice based upon firm research. The concept of having a broker, or financial advisor who acts as an agent for consumers, was the prevailing idea of stock trading in between 1975 and 1995. Many of those who had portfolios would leave its management entirely up to their brokers, others would call periodically for advice, and some would be actively co-managing their portfolios with the broker. The prevailing model for securities trading was still professionally managed, although different levels of management and cost evolved at this time. Wall Street was altered again in 1995, probably more significantly than in 1975, when securities trading and the Internet converged. According to the Securities Industry Association, K. Aufhasuer & Company was the first to execute securities trading online in 1994. However, it was not until 1995 that the first online brokerages debuted their new business model. Momentum mounted quickly, as many investors flocked to the lure of extremely discounted prices and quick trade execution. Without the â€Å"brick and mortar† presence typical of the traditional brokerages and a significantly less extensive network of research and financial advice, online brokerages can offer transactions at fractions of the costs of traditional brokerages, even of the traditional discounters. The first online investors were, and still are, predominantly â€Å"a mix of young, first-time investors and older, more experience ones,† according to a McKinsey & Company study. When online brokerages first surfaced, they introduced an entirely unique channel for delivering securities trading to consumers. No other brokerage firms offered the ability to trade securities over the Internet; it was exclusively reserved for those companies referred to as â€Å"online brokerages. † This has changed however over the past couple of years. Traditional full-service brokerages are beginning to adopt their own online components. The two most frequently cited reasons for the scramble of full service firms to enter the online market were customer pressure, and the fear of asset flight to online brokerages, according to a Deloitte & Touche Survey. The ability to distinguish these early online brokerages from full service firms is no longer a matter of whether or not they offer online services. The distinguishing feature now is between the cost of their services, segregating firms into a classification again of â€Å"discount† or â€Å"full service. In a sense, the online model has redefined â€Å"discount,† moving the discount brokerage to a much further extreme. Indeed, it is true that most of the firms that are classified today simply as â€Å"discount† are founded on an online business model or have quickly adopted online capabilities, but many of the full service firms, as mentioned, are turning to the online channel in hopes of competing with the discounters. Therefore, when an â€Å"online brokerage† is referred to, it implies both the discount firms and the few full service firms with online capabilities. The evolution of the online brokerage market has been explosive in growth, catapulting from just one online brokerage in 1995 to an estimated 170 in 2000, totaling 19. 5 million online accounts (refer to Figure 1 below). The first online brokerages to emerge were predominantly â€Å"deep† discount, followed by mid discount firms, and finally some of the traditional discount incumbents adopted an online strategy and are now classified as mid-tier firms. To illustrate this trend, consider the emergence of 5 of today's top 6 online brokerages: In 1996, two major deep discount firms emerged, Datek and Ameritrade. Over the next two years, two major mid-discount firms appeared, E*trade and DLJdirect. In 1998, Charles Schwab made their presence felt in the online market which was one of the few traditional discount firms before the online model developed. Fidelity quickly followed suit. This upsurge of online brokerages and the trend for some of the traditional brokerages to go online has had some lasting effects on the securities trading market, which will be explored in the next two sections. The impact of online brokerages is manifested in nearly every aspect of the securities trading market today. Trading volume increase is one of the largest impacts, as a result of the ease and availability of trading that online accounts bring to consumers. It is worth examining the numbers to determine if the large increases in trading volume are actually a result of online accounts, or merely pure correlation with a booming bull market. Over the past decade, the volume of shares traded on the NASDAQ stock market has grown at a compound annual rate of 26%, but since the arrival of online brokerages in 1995, it has grown at a rate of 30%. Although this is not an enormous increase, it is certainly quite significant. To look at it in another light, online accounts represented 15% of all brokerage accounts in the US, but more than 37% of the trading volume. Based upon past experience in the stock market, it may seem that this increase in trading volume is an entirely productive result. However, much of the trading volume from online accounts is a result of day trading, which raises concerns with the SEC. Day trading was not possible before online brokerages made it possible to quickly and effectively trade securities multiple times daily. It is a speculative business, more so than the traditional brokerage business. As Deloitte & Touche describes it, â€Å"Customers usually [trade] in and out of several securities positions every day hoping to earn a positive spread on their transactions. † The SEC is responsible for maintaining fair and orderly markets, to protect investors, and to enforce securities laws that were established upon principles that day trading discards. According to a Deloitte & Touche survey, 62% of discount firms said they would offer services to day traders versus 0% at full service firms. Most online brokerages recognize that day traders make up an integral portion of their customer base, and do not wish to sacrifice the relationship. Day trading is one negative result of the advent of online brokerages that will remain a challenge for some time to come. Another notable consequence of online brokerages is the further development of after hours trading. The New York Stock Exchange first expanded its hours to â€Å"off hours† trading in 1991. The NYSE added a modest extension extending the after hours from 4pm to 5:15pm. It is now possible, with an online account to trade at any time. This can be advantageous to many investors in giving them more flexibility regarding time availability and for investors overseas who have holdings in US securities and cannot trade at regularly scheduled hours. After hours trading in 1999 represented 50% of all online transactions. Online brokerages have improved execution time quite dramatically to an average of 20 seconds per trade versus nearly 60 seconds for full service firms. In addition to improved execution time, the reliability and accuracy of online executions at discount firms is generally considered to be far superior to full service firms' online counterparts. The reasons most frequently cited for this are two-fold. First, most discount firms are built upon an online model, it is their core competency, allowing them to devote all of their efforts to perfect the core of their business model. Discount firms rely on trade volume for revenue, not asset accumulation, so it is imperative that their trade execution is the best that it can be. The second reason for superior trade execution at discount firms is that full service firms simply do not devote the same technological resources to their online channel. Full service firms focus primarily on performing cutting edge research, and providing sound financial advice through its network of brokers. The speed and reliability in execution at discount firms has been one of the top attractions of investors, along with largely discounted prices. The online brokerage market has also greatly impacted the availability of brokerage services to those who were previously unreachable. This hinges upon Internet penetration in the US, which is approaching 120 million active adult Internet users, or a penetration rate of 50%. As was mentioned previously, the first investors to move online were mainly those who were brand new to securities trading, or those who were experienced enough to feel confident trading with little or no professional advice. Most of them brought below average asset values online. In fact, in mid-1999, although online accounts represented 15% of all brokerage accounts, they only represented 5% of the total assets. As stated previously, these accounts also accounted 37% of the trading volume. That would indicate that the online brokerages do not focus on producing revenue through asset accumulation, but through trading volume. This has some major implications to be discussed in the next session. The majority of discount firms rely on trading volume to create revenue through their online offerings. This means they depend on accumulating customers who trade frequently in order to collect fees for trades made. Trade volume has been increasing quite dramatically over the past few, as the percentage of online trades increases as a proportion of total. This bodes well for the online brokerages who are accumulating customers, although those players who are at the bottom of the pack will likely fall out soon. The market is remarkably consolidated after just 4 years in existence. In fact, the top ten online brokerages comprise 90% of the online assets and accounts, and the top 4 comprise 86%. Those brokerages who are having a tough time accumulating customers and trade volume even while the online brokerage market is hot, will likely fall out soon. Referring back to Figure 1, it can be seen that the number of online brokerage firms is expected to decrease over the next few years while the number of online accounts increases. The online industry is consolidating quickly while continuing to grow. Although there is still a large disparity between discount firms and full service firms in terms of how they operate and what they offer, this is likely to change in the coming years. Already, the trend for full service firms to go online is in motion, and there are even some discount firms that are beginning to complement their trading services with plans for banking, insurance, and bill payment services. Currently, discount firms have approximately 74% of their transactions online versus 18% online at full service firms. In a Deloitte & Touche survey, 100% of full service firms said they planned to use online trading to enter new businesses, create alliances, or shift the business model, and 74% of discount firms said they planned to add additional services that are typically offered only by full service firms. It appears that the two extremes in brokerage services are headed towards a common middle ground. As the author of the Deloitte & Touche study put it, â€Å"the distinction between discount brokers and full service firms is becoming less evident. There is distinct evidence that the brokerages that will prevail in the next decade will have features of both a discount brokerage and a full service brokerage. A 50/50 hybrid model of online and full service could prevail, but it is more likely that the future constituents will be based on one core competency (online vs. full service) and have significant characteristics of its counterpart. This is because each business model appeals to different segments of the population. It is generally agreed that full service firms have a distinct advantage in advertising dollars and brand equity, and appeal to investors with more money and/or less knowledge of investing. Online brokerages appeal generally to investors with less money and/or more knowledge of investing. At this point in time, they are quite distinct, but the gap is closing. Another salient example of this phenomenon is that the top focus of current marketing strategies for 18% of online brokerages is to build brand equity, a la the full service firms. Each model, discount and full service, is moving to a common ground. The question that now stands is, who will win out? It is not an easy task to predict the future, or the future of brokerage services in the United States for that matter. One thing is for sure: the online channel will succeed. The top brokerages of the future will certainly incorporate online components very significantly. Those that will continue to succeed will be able to be flexible and adjust to the changing demands of consumers and technology, just as the top firms today are able to embrace the online channel. As Deloitte & Touche put it, â€Å"firms that cannot be innovative will find themselves niche players or acquisition targets. â€Å"

Chopin’s Homeland Essay

Leaving Warsaw at his 20 years old because of the uprising, with the strong homesick mood, Chopin brings a handful of Poland’s soil to Paris with him. After he settles down well in Paris, living peacefully as a composer without war or uprising, he becomes so sad every day. He composes 60 Mazurkas when he is in Paris; they’re more like character pieces, using inspired melodies and intricate harmonies to express wistful memories and homesickness seemingly without remedy. With the longing for homeland in his rest life, he becomes more and more sick and he is gone when he is 39 years old. Everyday after he leaves Warsaw, he is struggling in the pain of homesickness. But he never comes back in his rest 19 years, even once time. After he is died, his funeral is established in Warsaw. With Mozart’s requiem, his body is burned in the Warsaw’s soil and he comes back the homeland finally. Chopin’s life is so sad and impressive as his works. Every time when I play his Mazurka, I even feel I can see the young and talent man who holds a soil of Poland, with tears on his face. Besides being sad for him, I begin to wonder other questions: Why not he never comes back to Warsaw in the 19 years? Why does he still want to be burned in Warsaw? In order to figure out the answer, I read many essays about homeland. â€Å"Lost in Translation† of Eva Hoffman is impressive one for me. In her essay, Hoffman describes her translation from Cracow to Canada with her family to avoid the Second World War when she was thirteen years old. She is so sad as Chopin when they leave Cracow, her homeland. She believes she loses a lot and says, â€Å" my mind rejects the idea of being taken there. I do not want to be pried out of my childhood, my pleasures, my safety, my hopes for becoming a pianist.† (177) Due to the leaving, everything that she used to have in Cracow is gone, as she says, â€Å" I t is a notion of such crushing, definitely finality that to me it might as well mean the end of the world.† (176) With such a pain, she translates to Canada. Even though she gets the peaceful life and good education in Canada, Cracow is always the paradise and is always the place she is longing for and searching for. Hoffman recounts a conversation with a woman in a stylish party in New York. The woman’s father was a diplomat in Asian country, so â€Å" she had lived surrounded by sumptuous elegance, the courtesy of servants and the delicate advances of older men.† (177) For the woman, that life is paradise and it is a common sense that people wants to pursue the gorgeous life. But for Hoffman, the paradise is the life in Cracow, even though her life in Cracow is under, â€Å" dark political rumblings, memories of wartime suffering, and daily struggle for existence.† The life for her is poor and dark, but with pleasure childhood, her safety and her hope to be a pianist. These beautiful memories and sweet feelings make her never forget Cracow and make her always trust that Cracow is the paradise for her whole life. However, with the strong longing for Cracow, Hoffman, like Chopin, never comes back to Cracow, even though the war ends and Cracow comes back to peace. All she does to satisfy her longing for Cracow is reminding these memories and she lets her mind come back to Cracow and come back to the time when she was four years old. â€Å" It is Cracow, 1949, I am four years, and I do not know that this happiness is taking place is taking place in a country recently destroyed by a war,† she recounts. She never comes back, like Chopin; she lets her mind totally sink into the old memories to satisfy her longing for home and to make her feel sweet and pleasure. Both Hoffman and Chopin have the strong longing for homeland, but they both never come back the land they expect for a long time. I begin to wonder why they do not come back to the land that they miss strongly? Do they not have opportunities to come back or do they not want to come back essentially? N. Scott Momaday’s essay, â€Å" The Way To Rainy Mountain† inspires me. In his essay, Momaday recounts his journey to Rainy Mountian which is an old landscape for Kiowa tribe that his grandmother was the member of them. Walking on the Rainy Mountain, he memorializes how the way of life of the Kiowa tribe and how Kiowa tribe disappears. Kiowa people used to control the whole of the Oklahoma Plains; they have their language, culture and tradition. But modern culture, soldiers and government make Kiowa disappear. His grandmother is one of the last generation to witness the brilliance of that culture. After leaving Kiowa tribe and translating to the modern life, his grandmother, Aho is sad to lose her homeland. Her childhood is defined by â€Å" frogs away by the river† and â€Å" the motion of the air†(183), but her life after Kiowa disappears is sunk into the memories of Kiowa. She uses the language of Kiowa to pray; she dances Sun Dances. These two ways are all she can do to memory her homeland so that she can feel Kiowa again. However, like Chopin and Hoffman, Aho never comes back the Oklahoma Plains either. If she came back, everywhere she would pass in the plain triggers memories of Kiowa people and culture of Kiowa. However, everything about Kiowa does not exist anymore. No people will hunt on the plain; no people dance the Sun dance; no people would pray using the Kiowa language under noon. Even though she can walk on the Rainy Mountain, she cannot find the trace of Kiowa. Maybe this is also the reason why Hoffman can Chopin did not come back their homelands. Everything during the time when they leave has changes, and the place is not the homeland as they remember. Chopin, Hoffman and Momaday’s grandmother cannot see the homeland they miss and expect, because everything changes so quietly on land, such as the buildings, roads and bridges. But landscape, soil and the land will not change always. I have seen the satisfied face of my grandfather when he touched the soil of his homeland. My grandfather was born in a small town of southern China. Because of the red soil, the land was so poor that they had to go fishing to survive. My grandfather’s family lived on a small boat. Even though the life was poor, my grandfather was so happy since everyday he can see his parents and brother. However, when he was ten years old, the internal war begins in China and his brother was force to go to Taiwan. Since that time, my grandfather never saw him again until last year he got a phone and was told his brother was died in Taiwan. After he got the news, my all family came back the homeland of my grandfather. I can clearly remember how happy he was when he saw many fishing boats on the shore; how exited he was when he saw the mountain where he often climbed with his brother; how moved he was when he touched the red soil on the land. He told me that these fishing boats, landscape and the soil made him feel the sweet and warm as before he was ten years old. He is right. The soil will not change, and it is totally the same as before no matter how long time has gone. The soil can make my grandfather to remind the old and beautiful memories and feelings. I think this is the reason why he wants to come back to his homeland even though the small town has changed a lot in the past 60 years. The sad Mazurka comes into my mind. Now, I have already known why Chopin does not come back to Warsaw when he is alive and why he wants to be burned in the land. He does not come back since he knows the Warsaw has changed and it is not the city as he remembered and imaged. He will not get the trace of the old city as Momaday’s grandmother cannot find the trace of Kiowa. However, as my grandfather, he still believes the soil of Warsaw does not change. The moment when his body is burned in the soil is the moment when he comes back home. With the Mozart’s requiem, lying in the soil he is longing for, he will feel peaceful, sweet and happy because he comes back the homeland. Maybe this is the reason why the majority people want to be burned in the homeland. Maybe this is the mysterious attachment between individual and land.

Thesis on the book Vox by Nicholson Baker Proposal

On the book Vox by Nicholson Baker - Thesis Proposal Example He further presents that the book could not have been published at a better time considering that this is currently an era shadowed with AIDS and other forms of self exploration. When the two main characters in the book get together through technology, they seem to have begun a new kind of hands-on relationship that is less risky and greatly influenced by technology (ODonnell, 2011: The Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Fiction). The book remarkably describes the activities that actually takes place in the real world for instance, it is a common occurrence for most young adults to meet at adult parties and establish a sexual relationship on that instant as it was the case with Abby and Jim, the two main characters in Vox. Baker employs a rather bold technique in describing the unfolding of events between the two especially in which they open up to each other in what first appears to be some form of striptease that gradually turns out into a passionate revelation of truth and fantasies. A careful analysis of Vox will also bring into the readers realization that youths in the contemporary societies do not have any regard in initial courtship and will only focus their minds on sexual activities. In his book, Baker also tries to reveal that there are a number of media through which sexual activities can be perpetrated within the society such as through the phone as evident through the two main characters in the book (Fuller, 1996: Media-mediated relationships: straight and gay, mainstream and alternative perspectives). Considering that sex is part and parcel of humanity right from the time of the ancestors up until now, the novel has considerably strived to present just how this natural human need has continued to be a focal point in our contemporary cultures just as it was in the past. As such, the book therefore presents us with an issue that stirs a mixture of

Steriods in sports Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Steriods in sports - Essay Example Anabolic steroids are always considered illegal to be used in sporting activities and can only be provided under the prescription of a doctor. They are imperative in the treatment of muscle related abnormalities especially in men; correcting lean muscle growth in men. The non-medical utilization of anabolic steroids is considered illegal and has been banned by variety of sports organizations. In 2005, two major acts geared towards the controlling use of anabolic steroids were amended: The Controlled Substance Act as well as the Anabolic Steroids Control Act (Clinical Aspects) The Controlled Substance Act included the anabolic steroids on the list of other prohibited drugs however some sports men and women continue to use them illegally. The Controlled Substance Act declared that any person found in possession or using anabolic steroids will be charged with committing Federal Crime. The most common anabolic steroids illegally used include; androstenedione, primobolan, tetrahydrogestrinone and clenbuteral (Clinical Aspects) Since the introduction of steroids in the medicinal filed in the early 1950’s to treat various body abnormalities such as the hypogonadism which is a condition associated with very low testosterone production in the human body (males), the application of steroids in various sporting activities have been increasing rapidly among men and women (Clinical Aspects) Steroids use ha been rampant especially in the athletics for men and women; in sports like Bodybuilding the use of steroids has become more accepted to enhance muscle growth and strength. In the early years, other sports such as weight lifting as well as power lifters also encouraged the use steroids, however, the use steroids began rising in most colleges in sports like American Football and also among non-athlete college students. This seen the use of steroids going to level of lower grades in high school up to the Seventh grade

Lean Manufacturing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Lean Manufacturing - Essay Example Corrective action must be taken after survey. The idle time is too high and not permissible in any way. With the supply coming in weekly, the issue to each process should be regulated. Movements both within the section and between sections must be speeded up by use of trolleys, installation of conveyors and use of fork-lifts, wherever suitable. This must be identified and put in place as top priority. At the moment we are paying a lot of wages plus overtime to workers for doing nothing. With such heavy idle time as against so little productive time, we need to cut down one shift altogether and move to a regime of controlled efforts and by using Pull methods of Just in Time system of inventory. ERP software plays a vital role in the success of Lean manufacturing setup. Nothing will be gained by just designing a superb system and by laying down rules and parameters. A well-understood, well-defined and easy to follow implementation plan must be prepared. This is to be done with active assistance from the solution providers. The Implementation Team along with the Company designated resources must first carry out a joint Systems Requirement Study (SRS). This SRS must consider all points raised in the strategy above and identify the areas of data entry points. It is these areas that have to be carefully monitored to see that accurate data is available. With accurate data available, the company can take corrective action based on actual information. This will go a long way in bring down wastages and eliminating downtime and idle time. A productive maintenance plan is to be drawn us to ensure that downtime is brought down to zero level with accurately planned maintenance schedules prepared in advance. Spares are to be procured for such programmes well before time. Having said this, these weak links are to be paid extra attention and care is to be taken to make the workers understand that

DNA Practical Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

DNA Practical - Lab Report Example One purine pair with one Pyrimidine with hydrogen bond to make the double stranded DNA. Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) with double H-bond and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C) through triple H-bond. Isolation procedure requires disruption of cells so that the cell content comes out, followed by sedimentation of the cellular debris on application of centrifugal force and to collect the DNA from the supernatant. These DNA fragments are separated using gel electrophoresis. The process encompasses separation, based on their size, the pore size of the gel, the voltage gradient applied and the salt concentration of the buffer. Larger pore size is for the separation of fragments larger than 500- 1000 bp and smaller pore of agarose gels are used to resolve fragments smaller than 1000 bps and can be visualized. The technique of electrophoresis is based on the fact that since DNA contains phosphate group, it is negatively charged at the neutral pH. When electric potential is applied, it moves towards the positive terminal. The solidified agarose gel is inserted into the electrophoresis chamber and is just covered with buffer. The DNA sample is mixed with the loading buffer and then pipette in the sample wells. On application of the current DNA migrates towards positive (red colored) electrode. The distance DNA has migrated in the gel can be judged by visually monitoring migration of the tracking dyes. After adequate migration, DNA fragments are visualized by ethidium bromide. This is a fluorescent dye and it intercalates between the bases of DNA and RNA. It is incorporated in the gel so that staining occurs during electrophoresis. Bands appear on the gel and can be visualized. Results: Part 1 A fluffy white layer was formed at the boundary between the green and the purple liquids when the ethanol was added. It was made up of fine filaments. Part 2 After putting the electrical current, strands of the DNA become visible to the naked eye. It becomes like stains, or bands, on the gel. Discussion NaCl removes protein and carbohydrate in DNA and also act as lysing buffer. NaCl contains Na+ which binds with the negatively charged phosphate molecule of the DNA. It also stabilizes the pH and process the density of DNA. Washing liquid reduces the acidity of solution and remove CO2. Detergents remove the interfering cells and are used as a substitute for the chemical compound that is capable of damaging the cell wall and membrane. They act as emulsifying agents and can digest compound that causes stiffness of polymeric cells. Endiamin tetra ethyl acetate (EDTA) serves to remove the Mg+2 ion and proven enzymes which can damage cellular DNA, it protects the DNA from DNAse. It interrupts the interaction of polar cell membrane and unites as detergent. Gel electrophoresis is a powerful tool for the separation of macromolecules with different sizes and charges. DNA molecules have an essentially constant charge per unit mass thus they separate in agarose, based on the size, smaller the size more distance it can travel and larger the size of the DNA less it can travel. Increasing the concentration of a gel reduces the migration speed and enables separation of smaller DNA molecules. The

Economist & Nobel Laureate Paul Krugman Term Paper

Economist & Nobel Laureate Paul Krugman - Term Paper Example In addition, that  economics is ever changing, not stagnant. He has applied increasing returns theory to international trade and geographic clustering (Krugman and Helpman p.84).  Ã‚   Professional Profile He is acknowledged worldwide as a leader in the fields of  economic geography  and the role of increasing returns in shaping  international trade.  At MIT, he became the Ford International Professor of Economics. He has been a professor of Economics and International Affairs in Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University, and currently with Princeton (New York Times). He is a Fellow of the Econometric Society, a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research, and a member of the Group of Thirty. He has also worked as an advisor to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the United Nations, and to a number of countries such as Portugal and Philippines (Speakers of Substance ). Recently, he was President of th e Eastern Economic Association and a centenary professor at the London School of Economics. Krugman is also the author and editor of about 18 books and over 200 professional journal articles, mostly on international trade and finance. ... 08 he won Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for amplification on models of  international trade  and the geographical concentration of wealth, by probing the effects of  economies of scale  and of consumer preferences for varied goods and services. Furthermore, in recognition of his work, he received the John Bates Clark Medal from the American Economic Association, an award given every two years to the top economist under the age of 40.Paul Krugman was awarded the  2011 Gerald Loeb Award  for Commentary for his "Paul Krugman Columns" in the  New York Times (New York Times). Amongst other Krugman’s credentials include, in 2011 he was among the top 50 influential individuals in global finance and Foreign Policy’s  Top 100 Global Thinkers 2010 and 2009. In 1992, he was a member to a team of economist on international appointed by President Reagan to deal with the recession New Trade Theory His professional repute is largely owed to his work in inte rnational trade and finance; he is the initiator of the "new trade theory," a major rethinking of the theory of international trade (Krugman p.286, 1994). New Trade Theory by Paul Krugman brings the determinants of comparative advantage into the model. This theory seeks to explain trade between comparable countries was projected in a 1979 paper in the  Journal of International Economics. It is based on two assumptions economies of scale and consumer’s preference for diversity of products. New Trade theory took into consideration the transportation costs, which was the source of the home market effect (Krugman 109-116, 1997). This implies that due to economies of scale countries specialize in production of specific products. Moreover, despite a country having no comparative advantage in trade it may be in a

Active role in the community offering time and help and DBU have help Essay

Active role in the community offering time and help and DBU have help with this - Essay Example Going by this argument, I am of the opinion that by reading them stories in the nursing homes, I believe that I cheer them up and give them the motivation to live for more years in their remaining lives. The same case applies to Townsend’s (2011) work that argues that for nursing care to be holistic, it must entail both the biological and behavioral aspects. My visit to the nursing homes touches both on the biological and behavioral aspects of the elderly persons. Through reading them the stories, I lighten their day, which has an impact on their biological well-being and also on their behavioral aspect as the elderly become more positive with life; thus, have a chance to believe that they can not only live longer, but also fruitfully. In the thought of Baker (2007), a great percentage of people degrade the elderly homes for the claim that they have a fouls smell, and other simply have the wrong perception of the homes. With this in question, it is evident that a lot of help is required in these homes, if the elderly have to feel that they belong to the society in general. I chose to help the elderly by visiting them as I believe that these homes are dignified homes and are purely directed at making sure the elderly are taken care off. I choose to better the way in which the elderly live by visiting them regularly especially with the help of DBU. I also hold this opinion as I believe that I will be the next victim and will certainly require the help of others to live a perfect old age. Unlike the common perception that the elderly are a burden to the society, Horsfall, et al (2011) recommend that the elderly develop relations that will help them live happily. In the event that the elderly make connection with the community and other caregivers, it has been indicated to be therapeutical for the older people (Horsfall, et al., 2011; My Aged Care, n.d). My move to spend time with elderly and reading

Mareting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Mareting - Essay Example In today's business world it has become crucial for the management to be very keen when pricing of products and services. In pricing a firm should consider the value perception of the customers that is when attaching a price to a product then that price should reflect the value perception of that product. If a firm set a price that is higher than the value of a product; then that means, the demand for that product will go down which consequently will lead to decline in the volume of sales. If this happens then the contribution (sales less variable costs) and the gross margin of that product will decline leaving that firm lesser gross and net profits (Drew 1). Alternatively, if a firm set a price that is less that its value this will lead to high demand since the customers can derive more satisfaction from the product at a lesser cost. When a customer feels satisfied with a given product this will tend to increase his/her expenditure and volumes in that product. The increase in sales of that product may not necessarily lead to increase in the product's contribution or the firm's overall profit since the value of that product is higher than its price (Drew 1). This may lead to a loss in that product and also contribute a loss to a firm's overall profits. ... The price of any product should show a reflection of its value. Every time when a firm is setting a price it should ensure that neither it nor its customers loose from the decision made (Dodd 10). It is of utmost importance for the management or the pricing team to consider both the customer-value perception and therefore, they are responsible for regular and timely review of a firm's products prices and their quality. Comparing a firm's products to other firms trading in similar products in the market which they operate in terms of quality and price is important for that firm if it will remain relevant in the market. The firm should be in a position to differentiate their products from others so that their customers can be in a position to totally distinguish them. This translates to customer loyalty since they will not be faced with confusion due to the products available thereby increasing sales volume and margins of that product. A firm's product that has many substitutes available is at high risk of loosing its market share that is if the firm product doesn't give the much needed satisfaction by the customer in both aspects of quality and price. Therefore, it is imperati ve for a firm to regularly review its products quality by redesigning to avoid being faced out of the market. Further, a firm should always offer competitive prices to its customer in order to compete favorably with other firms' products. But in so doing they should not do it while disregarding the costs involved since after all it will determine their profitability (Dodd 14). Other important internal and external factors affecting a firm's pricing decisions Internal factors (a) Experience curve This is a situation in which the average cost (AC) declines as production of a product

Personal Identity and the Self Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Identity and the Self - Essay Example Who am I? What am I? Have you ever wondered and kept on thinking about this mysterious question. You would have come across many answers like you are alive because of your brain or you are surviving because of physical existence of your body But does one really think he is just his body, or just alive due to the grey matter situated in the crown of his head. No this seems so absurd, at least for me. I am really convinced that I am only the soul. Soul is that minute particle of energy which is much lighter and smaller than atom and which gives me the immortal life that no death can conquer. I cannot be the brain for the very reason that when my brain stop working my breathe goes on. Same way, when my body is paralyzed I still keep on living. When seeing from both the angle of body and brain, the thing which keep me alive and blissful is my soul, my eternal soul. This concept of soul can be alien to many, but it is one truth which is eternal and divine. It is not right to say that we a re body, or we are alive because of brain as these are just instruments which give our soul chance to perform its duty on this earthly plane. Soul is the part of the God, but still separate from God, and has a motive of merging with God at end of its life cycle. We were created from God and have to merge with God after taking birth in different forms and times. Body and brain is nothing but some physical instrument which gives us reasoning and decision making powers. It may be surprising to many, if I tell you that we had to take many forms like plants, animals and human to complete our life cycle and ultimately merge with the divine. Yes, we survived through many years and strayed in many forms and eventually we get enlightened and get salvation. According to (Jerrry,1978,pg .3) â€Å"Survival means surviving no more no less. I have no doubts that I shall merge with beings, plants will take root in my remains, and the chemical that I am will continue to make their contribution to life†. This cycle goes on, until the soul in our self gets brightened and purified to join with the divine power. It is our aim, to find God in our self and understand it and nurture it and then surrender it to Divine power. We cannot be the body, how can I be the body? If then if my leg gets amputed then I should cease to exist. Does it happen? No, it won’t. If my whole body gets paralyzed until my neck, I keep on speaking .So what is keeping me alive, yes it is the soul undoubtedly. It is hidden in our body, and can be reached only by long lasting meditation and submerging in ultimate self. It very well cannot be the body, which keeps on changing according to the age and time. One may think what happens to this soul, once the body gets destroyed. Yes! This is a very valuable question and the answer is also valuable indeed. The soul never dies, never get destroyed and it remained as an immortal energy .The body is just a covering, a temple for the soul to reside, it re mains there witnessing all the actions of the body and mind. It lies in the body behind the subconscious mind and witnesses all the deeds good and bad. People don’t realize the soul because we are in the illusionary world, and this veil of ignorance keeps us away from the reality. The reality is only experienced when listen to the self and look inwards rather than outwards. If the self was just the body, then there would have been no purpose to this life. It is like we are here just to eat sleep and mating. We just need to give pleasures to the bodily organs and do not even have to look further for happiness and bliss. â€Å"A person’s â€Å"having a soul† is not, for example, a special form of possession or ownership .What we need to understand is that person’s â€Å"having a soul† is not a form of possession or ownership at all†(Rosenberg,1998,pg.58).Soul is the beholder of the body and the mind, and everything we think and do is witnessed by soul and affect the soul. Good deed and bad deed does make the soul pure or

Weekly News from the Arab World Essay Example for Free

Weekly News from the Arab World Essay There has been an observable interest coming from the public regarding events that is happening in the Arab World. This has something to do with the situations that happened in the past that involved the peace and order of the region. At present, the interest of most people is based on how the countries in the Middle East will deal with the present global financial crisis. News from this region mostly pertains to this issue as well as other events that are related with its peace and security. This week’s news gave emphasis on the situation of the Arab World when it comes to their financial stability especially with the looming crisis in their midst. According to recent updates, Arab markets continue to deteriorate. The region’s decreasing economic robustness is observable in its stock market that has been decreasing for four straight days. Tadawul All of Saudi Arabia, which is recognized as the largest stock holder in the Middle East, experienced a decreased of more than 7. 5 per sent of their shares. In the same manner, other Arab countries like the shares of Dubai lost more than 25 per cent of their trading value and even the Kuwait stock exchange, the second largest in the region decreased by 2. 8 per cent. These clearly show that the Arab World is also greatly affected by the financial crisis in the world today (Aljazeerah, 2008). There are also observable security threats in some countries in the region. This is greatly evident in Iraq when a bomb exploded at the Abu Dshir market. The bomb exploded a vehicle that killed 13 people and inflict injury to another 27. Even though there are still violent incidents in the country, police reported there is a steady decline in this kind of incidents. The latest notable attack was when the MP Moqtada Sadr from the Shia was killed by using a roadside bomb (BBC, 2008). On a lighter note, good things are also happening for some countries in the Arab World. One of which is the exclusion of Jordan from Egypt’s rice embargo. Egyptian Minister of International Cooperation Fayza Abul Naja explicitly announced that Egypt is willing to provide Jordan’s rice needs. This transaction does not only stand for economic partnership for these two countries but it also symbolizes their strengthening relationship. The Arab World like any other region in the globe is also facing numerous challenges (The Jordan Times, 2008). These problems occur in different areas of concern in the region. Nevertheless, they are doing what they can in order to address these dilemmas immediately to achieve favorable results for the Arab countries and most especially its people. References Aljazeera. (2008). Arab markets continue to dive. Retrieved October 10, 2008, from http://english. aljazeera. net/news/middleeast/2008/10/200810811223643836. html. BBC. (2008). Deadly bomb attack at Iraq market. Retrieved October 10, 2008, from http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/middle_east/7664057. stm. The Jordan Times. (2008). Egypt excludes Jordan from embargo on rice exports. Retrieved October 10, 2008, from http://www. jordantimes. com/? news=11225.

Study Into Female Pain During Childbirth

Study Into Female Pain During Childbirth SUMMARY Delivery is a one of the miracle of every womens life. The mothers suffer much distress. After child birth due to painful perineum. Perineal pain is most commonly associated with child birth by vaginal delivery. Pain following episiotomy appears to be universal. The mother undergoing episiotomy is characterised by greater blood loss in conjunction with delivery, and there is a risk of improper wound healing and increased pain during early puerperium. Various interventions are found to aid the healing process, which include cleanliness, applying ice pack, topical application by dry heat (infrared therapy), sitz bath performance of kegels exercise and perineal care. Any outward incident in the family may cause shees and stain which in turn will affect the psychological well being of the mother. Aromatherapy is effective for reducing labor pain, decreasing stress hormones, alleviating depression and anxiety, and increasing interactive behaviors between parent and child. Lavender oil is a great aid to perineal healing. So, the investigator assessed the effectiveness of lavender oil sitz bath on reduction of episiotomy wound healing and psychological wellbeing among postnatal mothers in Gani hospital, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu. Objectives of the study were To assess and compare the pre and post test level of episiotomy wound status and psychological wellbeing among the experimental group of postnatal mothers. To assess and compare the pre and post test level of episiotomy wound status and psychological wellbeing among the control group of postnatal mothers. To compare the pre test level of episiotomy wound status and psychological wellbeing between the experimental and the control group of postnatal mothers. To compare the post test level of episiotomy wound status and psychological wellbeing between the experimental and the control group of postnatal mothers. To associate the post test level of episiotomy wound status and psychological wellbeing among the control group of postnatal mothers with selected demographic variables The assumptions of this study were The assumptions of the study were. Unhealing and inadequate care of episiotomy wound may predispose to vulval haematoma, infection, wound dehiscence and scar endometriosis. Lavender oil sitz bath may improve the wound healing psychological wellbeing. Hypotheses of the study were RH1 There is a significant difference between pre and post test level of episiotomy wound status and psychological wellbeing among the experimental group of postnatal mothers. RH2 There is a significant difference between pre and post test level of episiotomy wound status and psychological wellbeing among the control group of postnatal mothers. RH3 There is a significant difference in pre test level of episiotomy wound status and psychological wellbeing between the experimental and the control group of postnatal mothers. RH4 There is a significant difference in post test level of episiotomy wound status and psychological wellbeing between the experimental and the control of group of postnatal mothers. RH5 There is a significant association of post test level of episiotomy wound status and psychological wellbeing among the experimental and the control group of postnatal mothers with selected demographic variables. Review of literature collected for the studies related to The literature gathered from exclusive review is depicted under the following heading. Section A: Literature related to episiotomy. Section B: Literature related to episiotomy wound healing. Section C: Literature related to psychological wellbeing of mother with episiotomy. Section D: Literature related to lavender oil sitz bath on episiotomy wound healing and psychological wellbeing The conceptual frame work opted for the study was based Ludwig Von Bertalarffy `s general system theory and it provided a complete framework in order to achieve the objectives of the study. The research design selected for the study was true experimental pre and post only design was used and the study was conducted in the postnatal ward in Gani Hospital, Tirunelveli Dist, and Tamil Nadu. The tool used for data collection consisting of demographic variables which include age, education status, work pattern, type of the family and parity. The assessment level of episiotomy wound and psychological wellbeing among the experimental group and the control group were measured by using REEDA scale and structured observation check list . The tool was validated by 2 experts in the field of obstetrician and gynecologist and 3 experts in obstetrician and gynecologist nursing personnel and the reliability of the tool was established by interpreter reliability method. The value of the reliability was r=0.9. The tool was highly reliable to conduct the main study. The pilot study was conducted in Gani Hospital, Tirunelveli district among 6 samples out of which 3 were in the experimental group and 3 were in the control group of postnatal mothers. The experimental group received lavender oil sitz bath but no one had lavender oil sitz bath in control group. The finding revealed the feasibility, reliability and practicability of the tool for conducting main study. No modification was made after pilot study. Pilot study period was 4 consecutive days from28-4-2010 to1-5-2010 from 9am to5pm. The main study was conducted at Gani Hospital, Tirunelveli district. Tamil Nadu. The 60 postnatal mothers who fulfilled the inclusive and exclusive criteria were selected for the study ,out of which 30 mothers were the experimental group and 30 of them were the control group . Sample was selected by using simple random sampling method by Lottery method. Mothers who came under group A lottery will come under the experimental group of mother and mother who came under group B lottery will come under the control group of mothers. The investigator gave lavender oil sitz bath to the experimental group . Lavender oil sitz bath is Lavender oil is added with warm water in a basin and asked the mother to sit for 15 minutes 2 times per day about 3 days in the experimental group. Hospital routine care was given to the control group. The collected data was analyzed and interpreted based on the objective by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study revealed that the calculated t value was 8.75 which showed highly statistical significant difference in post test level of episiotomy wound status and psychological wellbeing among the experimental group and the control group of postnatal mother at p

Objectives of Air Traffic Services. (ATS)

Objectives of Air Traffic Services. (ATS)

DNA Essays -- Biology Biological Essays

DNA "There is no substance as important as DNA," Watson, 1991. Gene therapy is a controversial issue in today’s science society. Debates in the United States are covering a wide range of topics. I will discuss just a few viewpoints from both sides. First of all, a little background on DNA and genetics. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a complex structure consisting of a double stranded helix made up of complementary base pairs. Adenine (A) pairs up with thymine (T) and guanine (G) matches with cytosine (C). They are held together with the help of hydrogen bonds. The helix is spiral shaped, and the outside of DNA is alternating sugar and phosphate groups. Watson and Crick presented this structure in 1953. "The genetic code is imprinted in the precise sequence of the nitrogenous bases running down the length of DNA molecule." Lee, 1993. A base triplet code is made up of three nucleotides. Each DNA triplet code is translated via a messenger RNA into a protein. DNA has a semiconservative replication process where the double strands unwind and serve as templates. A genome is a collection of DNA molecules that make up am organism. There is great diversity between different species and even between the same species. "The human genome contains up to three billion base pairs, the genetic difference among individual humans is as much as three million base pairs of DNA" (Davis, 1990). A mutation is where a gene is changed to another form. A mutation does not imply a bad thing happened. They can be deleterious, cause disease, reduce fitness or even be lethal. A mutation can also be beneficial if it increases adaptability or advantages in a species. Or a mutation can be silent and cause no apparent change in the organism. T... ...ecoming a safer, more efficient process that may some day cure the world of all genetic disease. Some day, being sick may just mean getting gene therapy. Bibliography Joel Davis, Mapping the Code: The Human Genome Project and the Choices of Modern Science, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1990. Thomas F. Lee, GENE FUTURE: The Promise and Perils of the New Biology, Plenum Press, New York, 1993. U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, New Developments in Biotechnology— Background Paper, Pubic Receptions of Biotechnology, OTA—BBP—BA—45, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., May 1987 quoted by George J. Annas and Sherman Elias, GENE MAPPING: Using law and Ethics as Guides, Oxford University Press, New York, 1992, page 144. Unknown author, Gene Therapy - An Overview, 1990, http://www.gene.com/AE/AB/IWT/Gene_Therapy_Overview.html

Nursing Instructor Essay -- Personal Narrative Writing

Nursing Instructor PHYSICAL HISTORY: My clinical rotation was at St. Francis Hospital on the orthopedic/medical-surgical floor, 5-1. I was assigned JB for a patient 10/7 and 10/8. He was one day post-op from an elective bilateral knee arthroplasty. JB is a 69 year old Caucasian male who stands 6 feet tall and weighs 251 pounds. He has a history of hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia, degenerative joint disease, and renal calculi. Medications taken at home: Nifedipine 60 mg. QD to manage his hypertension and nonsteriodal anti-inflammatories for the DJD. JB's major problem is the degenerative joint disease (DJD) also referred to as osteoarthritis. According to Colodny, more than 50 million Americans suffer from osteoarthritis and nearly everyone 50 years of age or older is afflicted with one or more of its classic symptoms. "Symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion." (Lewis et al. 1896) "DJD is a slowly progressive disorder of mobile joints, particularly weight-bearing articulations, and is characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage."(lewis et al. 1896) "In the afflicted joint, the connective tissue (cartilage) that cushions the ends of the bone degenerates and allows the bones to rub together. This bone-to-bone contact can be extremely painful." (Colodny, 24) JB recalled his knee difficulties beginning in early adolescence. He had no specific injury, but the discomfort began a few months after he became involved in athletics. His surgical history consists of two knee operations. The first surgery was at age 16 and the second was several years later. He has been treated frequently over the years for this problem. Recently the number of physician's visits has increased ... ...zed manner. My interventions were appropriate and corresponded with the overall medical team's approach in caring for this patient. A considerable amount of time went into establishing a trusting nurse/patient relationship. That enabled me along with the patient to develop a workable nursing care plan and have a valuable learning experience. Works Cited Lewis, S. M., I. C. Collier. and M.M. Heitkemper. Medical-Surgical Nursing. St. Louis:Mosby, 1996. Potter, P. A., and A.G. Ferry. Fundamentals of Nursing. Missouri: Mosby. 1997. Yandrich. terry J. "Preventing Infection in Total Joint Replacement Surgery" OrthoPaedic Nursing. March/April, 1995:15-19. Kasmot, Keith. "Catching Deep Vein Thrombosis in Time" Nursing. October, 1994:34-42. Colodny, L., and W. Minale. "Osteoarthritis -is there relief in sight?" Better Nutrition. June, 1997:24.

Computers in Medicine :: Medical Technology Technological papers

Computers in Medicine In today’s society, there is a wide range of computer use. Almost every where you go today you are required to have some sort of basic understanding of how a computer is operated. In my report, I am going to tell you how computers are use in the field of medicine. There is a wide variety of use and need for a computer in the medical field. Some of the main points I will be discussing is why Health Care Professionals use computers, where computers are used in the Health System, while giving you some insight on computers in the medical field in which you may not have thought of. Computers are used by Health Care Professionals because they can help increase the productivity. This allows a health care facility to keep computerized medical records. With the programs, out there today this allows the physician to analyze a patient’s data statistically and mathematically. This leads to the use of multimedia patient records. A multimedia file is an image, text file, a video clip, and audio file: anything that can be displayed or played on your monitor or speakers. An example of this would be: A cardiologist can scan a patient’s EKG strip and attach the image to the patients record for future reference. By being able to store your patients data on a hard drive this will cut down on the amount of papers around the office, and the number of staff members a physician may need to hire. By having, a patient’s file stored in your computer memory could dramatically cut down the time it takes a physician to locate the necessary information needed for a particular patient. Not only can computers be beneficial to cutting down on the amount of work, it could also open the lines of communication between the patient and physician. If a physician begins to utilize e-mail, this could increase the amount of communication with patients. This could be beneficial to his/her practice. A computer is used in a wide variety of places throughout the Health Care System: Clerical stations for reports, memos, patients records, billing, statistics, insurance claims, charting and research graphics; Nursing stations for reports, patients records, hospital information systems; Medical instruments for patients monitors, medication delivery systems, and lab equipment. In Medical education, computers are used for Computer Aided Instructions, Computer Managed Instruction and Interactive Multi-media systems, and there are many more uses of the computer evolving such as, for diagnosis, research, Publication retrieval (National Library of

Othello -Essay

Gender Overplay The representation and relationships of women in Venetian society in terms of ender relations and equality are explored throughout the play. The character of Ago, adopts the sexist and discriminatory attitudes towards women that was common In the patriarchal society of Venice. Ago was someone who thought women were Infinitely exploitable, dispensable objects and driven by sexual desire only- â€Å"That she may make, unmake, do what she list ‘even as her appetite shall play the god. (Act 3 Scene 3). As Ago soliloquies, the repetition of â€Å"make† emphasizes the view of the relentless nature to which women approach relationships that was adopted by the patriarchal society. The view that women were characterized in such a derogatory and disparaging fashion, articulates the discriminative societal views that were upheld in Venetian society. Similarly, Sago's characterization of women Is representative of the dominant societal view that women were Inferior and nonsensical beings.Interestingly, Emilie contrasts Sago's belief concerning the sexual desire of women by expressing her belief that men use women to satisfy their own sexual desire- â€Å"They are all but stomachs, and we all but food; / they eat us hungrily, and then when they are full/ they belch us. † (Act 3 Scene 4). With the use of a metaphor to express the exploitation of women, combined with figurative language, Email Illustrates the gender tensions and views of women existing In a pre-femaleness society of women's oppression.The gender tensions that were present In the Venetian society existed on a basis of assumptions, having been predetermined by central societal beliefs. The resolution of play necessitates the death of Desman and Emilie due to their anomalous attempts to usurp the Elizabethan chain- mite I'll not shed her blood/nor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow/yet she must die, else he'll betray all men. â€Å"(Act 5 Scene 2) The use of an assertiv e tone, combined with figurative language expresses the belief that women were represented as threats to Venetian patriarchal structure.Desman had set herself outside the bounds of accepted female behavior, and her death signifies a return to patriarchal control. Othello is a warning for those who that attempt to usurp their position in Venetian society. Those people, who endeavourer to challenge the Elizabethan chain of being, are punished for their actions. Othello continues to engage audiences through its exploration of gender power plays- perennial, universal concerns that transcend time Racial Overplay Racial tensions explored in Othello are perennial themes which continue to engage audiences.Othello is considered as the ‘outsider' as he comes from outside of Venice and ‘retains some of his alien origins. ‘ In entering into marriage with Desman, Othello is stepping outside his expected role in society and challenging the Venetian hierarchal ‘chain of bei ng power structure. The racial discrimination and views on interracial marriage are expressed through use of binary opposition, using the analogy of a black ram and white ewe to highlight the bridge that exists between Othello and Desman belonging to different racial backgrounds- â€Å"Even now, now, very now, an old black ram is tipping your white ewe. (Act 1 Scene 1). Bestial imagery is also used with anthropomorphism to convey the racial prejudice expressed by Abortion and also the wider Venetian societal views on race and interracial marriage. This view characterizes Othello and intern his racial background as being associated with something that has negative connotations attached to it- â€Å"old black ram†. Throughout the plays evolution, the audience witnesses as Othello absorbs the explicit racism and black imagery, resulting in self-hatred.This is communicated through use of allusion as Othello utilizes his own â€Å"blackness† to characterize himself as sava ge- â€Å"Her name, that was fresh/ as Din's visage, is now begrimed and black/as mine on face. † (Act 3 Scene 3). Othello reflects the Venetian racial elucidation that blackness was a representation of evil and iniquity. At the conclusion of the play, it is clear to the audience that Othello is completely immersed n the racial based discriminatory values that are upheld by Venetian society.Before ending his life Othello mentions ‘Turk†, expressing a view of himself as the enemy to Venice- â€Å"Where a malignant and turbaned Turk/beat a Venetian and traduced the state† (Act 5 Scene 2). The allusion to the Turkish emphasizes the comparison that Othello is making of himself to something savage and unrelenting. This communicates the depth to which Othello has allowed himself to be pervaded with the dominant racial societal views. Resolution to the social challenge could only come wrought the death and disgrace of those who attempt to usurp the Venetian Ã¢â‚¬Ë œchain of being power structure.Othello is a warning for those who attempt to usurp the Elizabethan chain of being power structure. Those people, who attempt to contravene the divinely constructed social order, are punished for their anomalous actions. Through extracting the perennial power relations of the play, a Marxist and Feminist paradigm can be adopted. Shakespearean domestic tragedy Othello continues to engage audiences through its exploration of race and gender power plays- universal concerns that transcend time and place.

Assignment 4 Celta

Assignment 4 Lessons from the schoolroom The woods be lovely, dark and deep, much thanover I extradite promises to keep, And miles to go in the lead I sleep, And miles to go in the lead I sleep. I decided to take the CELTA because it seemed the likes of a fairly easy commission to acquire around m unitaryy eon I traveling. How incessantly, a mere months picture show to belief has given me the confidence to enlist teaching English as a serious career alternative, should I ever get sick of political antics and swindlers conspiracies. altogether through my life, people told me I would make a decent teacher. Now, I int give up it.I cerebrate it because I bring in braved the utterly nerve-racking schedule of subsidisation submissions and lesson planning and teaching without f tout ensembleing apart. though I learned a rope from our rattling(prenominal) trainers (full credits to Gabbi and Maureen) and my absolutely wonderful classmates, I really fuck off miles to g o forwards I sleep (literally). A month is a truly lilliputian magazine to learn some(a)thing but it is admirable that all of us confine had such a tremendous growth curve. Personally, I know I have give-up the ghost much more confident nearly standing in front of a classroom full of students and talking somewhat the finer points of the English language.Not many noticed it, but I avoided paternity anything on the board the beginning(a) hot afternoon we had Teaching pattern (TP) because my hands were shakiness so vigorously. I have emphatically get down a long focusing since then. I have learned a lot from the critique and feedback by classmates and tutors, card of peers and experienced teachers, and from self-reflection. I discovered the very first day that it was weighty to effect a legal sonority with the students and be cheerful talking with them. notice Darin during his first lesson taught me a very valuable lesson I learned it was important to engage stu dents in conversation rather than assume the section of a traditional teacher. Though Maureen commented on June 23, the first day of TP, that I schematic a genuine rapport with the students, I really feel that I matte up more comfortable from the second lesson onwards. Observing Porter in the first take onweek of the class was a big bonus. He was so much at quietus in class, so much at home. He make the students feel comfortable and involved his Advanced English students in the process of teaching and learning.I worked sound on planning from the beginning and generally produced solid plans. On June 2, Maureen lifted that I had a very detailed lesson plan and adept language analysis. I adjusted healthful to the different levels of students within the class. When I was teaching elementary level classes, I do it a point to explain concepts to the weakier students and care them during the tasks if they had any difficulty. After Teaching Practice on June 26, my classmates w ho had observed me teaching commented that I had monitored weaker students like Carlos and Jessica sound throughout the class.I envisage I did well in class management from the beginning. I made sure I kept all students on their toes and working hard. From the first week, when Maureen commented that I managed my classes well, till the third week, when Gabi as well as my classmates commented that I taught a sizable lesson to one truant students I deal my class management skills have wholly improved. From the beginning of Teaching Practice, both Maureen and Gabi commented that I successfully established a good rapport with the students.On the first day, Maureen wrote in my Teaching Practice Evaluation, You established a nice rapport with the students, very congenial and confident. When we switched levels, Gabi wrote in my Evaluation, You built a good rapport with your new SS. Even though I have switched to the Intermediate level, some of the Elementary level students often co me up to me with doubts and questions. I have to mention that observing Darin while he taught was a fantastic experience because he has ever so establishes such a comfortable rapport with his students.I had a problem with luxuriant TTT from the very beginning. I think a major reason for this is that the Indian educational system tends to have very teacher-centered classrooms. from the beginning, the tutors and my classmates have pointed out that I need to centre TTT and make the lessons more student-centered. Though I have tried hard to do this, I still have a long way to go out front I become a minimalist talker. I do earnestly believe that student-centered learning is far more trenchant.It was neat to observe Porter because it showed how minimalist TTT poop be super effective in the classroom. Porter allowed the students to lead classroom parole and complete his sentences. He elicited a lot of in body-buildation without being verbose. I analyzed language items well before presenting them in class. On June 24, Maureen commented that I had a detailed analysis of the grammar operation of the fag language. In the beginning, I had some inconvenience organizing the stages of clarification of meaning and grammar form. However, I think I improved probatively in latter classes.On July 2, when I taught congress classes, Maureen said that I used effective CCQs and did a thorough analysis of the form and meaning. I did help students with improving their pronunciation by doing both choral and single oral drilling. However, I think this is one area in which I have a lot to improve. I have tried to correct students pronunciation errors, in particular at the intermediate level, but I think I should do more of this. Fernanda consistenly drills the students a lot and tells me that it is very important for them to repeat the sounds again and again before they can be comfortable with them.I think I did well in giving students come in subject skills of reading and listening during my lessons. On June 26 Maureen commented, I think students received some useful reading comprehension make, and you change the materials creatively. I do have a problem with linking the stages during receptive skills lessons. As Gabi commented on July 8, I need to link tasks more clearly so students know wherefore they are doing the activities you ar giving them. I havent done a very good job at providing productive practice to students because I dont time my lessons too well. almost often, students dont have enough time for disquisition or writing at the end of the lesson. Wilson did a fantastic job at timing his lesson on July 14 the students had more than 15 minutes of freer speaking practice at the end of his lesson. My goals for the future are to make my lesson more student centered, to abridge TTT and to improve my timing. These have been my most significant weaknesses throughout the course. I need ot put up back and let go of my curb over the cl ass. This pull up stakes help me centralize TTT while at the same time making the lesson more student-centered.To achieve this heading, I will let the students discuss everything before I step in with suggestions and clarifications. This will also make the lesson more interactive and fun for the students. I will work hard to be economical with my operating instructions and explanations by planning my lesson to the last detail. time the lesson is also a matter of detailed planning. I also need to be very aware of the ticking measure. With this aim in mind, I will come in in a large clock placed strategically in the classroom so I cant miss it.

Cellphone Addiction

Cell Phones In many ways, red cell phones are addictive. The gadgets are an definite integral part of many people’s days. Smartphones are often glued to peoples hands or accessible via blue tooth technology. Negative effects of cell phone addiction include complete isolation and unbalanced priorities.As a growing number of people are food getting to be victim of this cell cellular phone addiction has come to be a wicked in the real world that is current.Another symptom is you feel the need to have the device with you at the after dinner table and look at apps rather than much talking to family members over meals. Is apply your cell phone constantly in your hand or within your line of vision? You obsess over the item; check your obsession is a cell phone addiction.Look at your mobile phone bill. If your bill exceeds your budget yet you are not prepared to scale back the services, you are likely facing an addiction.Phone addiction is extremely due much like alcohol dependenc e.

The cell phone late may be just one part of a larger addiction to modern technology in general. After all, many smartphones what are equipped with apps to play games, good browse the internet, and send emails. Online social new media networks are growing rapidly. There are several, keyword with the big players including Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest.It is possible to locate some of the advice and solutions to repair check your husbands phone dependence.The interaction is fun and you begin to spend more time daily on your static mobile device. The time-consuming hole is an easy one to be sucked into given all of the available features of the smartphone. http://christywrites. hubpages.In other words, it does not fulfill with the nosological criteria for chronic disease classification.

Its far better to understand the fair warning signs of mobile phone dependence.Then youve got to be conscious of its signs and symptoms if youre much searching for the way to break cell mobile phone addiction.It may lead to negative effects on personal relationships in addition to a health.Addiction is understood to be a more compulsive demand for and or usage.

dilute Solutions to mobile phone addictionTeenage cell phone economic dependence is tough to deal with but you need to try everything that you can to help children to overcome the obsession.The very mere fact which you receive upgrades from work and early may examine your telephone, youre placing a fantastic deal of work-stress in your mind.They might find a harder time making own choices discovering facts and retrieving after the telephone is unavailable for use.You need to seriously attempt to treat your addiction, if you believe youre addicted to your phone.

Jackie Kay ”Owl” Essay

The faint, around invisible, business line in the midst of peasant and full-gr give, unworried and responsible, belongs much and to a greater ex ext bleary and livid-haired the adjacent you secure to it. First, it is tell that you range of mountains due date and b loseguard into the very world, when you prolong your faith in God, scarce dawdler that door yourself, you undecomposed be intimate you ar non how of in all time an adult. So soce, you continue it until the date of 18. By then you should be scratch your carg 1r, or at to the lowest degree shake off an inclination of where you atomic number 18 going, and much importantly you be pay a track licitly an adult, with the right to ball(a)oting and relegate shell reveal of others, besides as well with the leaden realities of cladding up to your mistakes. sexual climax to hurt with who you argon as you thread on up and as an adult is non forever the easiest liaison. The bri ef account beak by Jackie Kay treats barely this subject, of whom you difference forth to be, and what things you favour to go on on to in life sentence sentence.Jackie Kay chooses in her fabrication to obligate eng senesce of the commencement-person narrator, and this makes it easier as a lector to send yourself with the of import reference book Anita. The lecturer reminisces to take in puerility memories and disc everyplace kindred they are in wet get hold of with Anitas sense of touchs, intimately as if they were the indorsers own. When Anita tells her tarradiddle, she does so by commencement taboo in a flash substantiate from her nestlinghood, with the remembering that started it all. The cartridge holder she went on pass with her parents and Marion and hers, and they first observe the resound vitamin B nozzle, which would become the rump for their long acquaintance. This expenditure of flash clog up gives the indorser a more than cr itical institution of who Anita was as a boor, and what do her type B. As around small fryren group B was egocentric and ineffective to sympathize.She was non held back by divergence away Sandra when it came to who caused the crowd, and express feelings neither on magnanimous her an schnoz-related name to implicate her or level off changing her own. When it came to utter white lies to continue the sacredness of her and tawny-browns spic-and-span pop outdo agonistship, she did so without the winking of an eye. As group B retells the stories of their childhood she channels forgetful signalises, which tells the commentator that the delicacy and harsh placement she feature as a child is no long-lived with her. She has do a learning from child to adult, notwithstanding though she cannot suss out itherself. She notices and analyzes, as she retells, the feelings she intrust Sandra d i by excluding her. This in addition indicates the lurch she ha s make from her age of ten until her xls in hostility her own lack of recognizing it.It is after on revealed that the corresponding vacation where group B and tawny disc everywhere the vitamin B complex snoot, they a give care put up out that their parents had swapped. This hitting of twain worlds and sloppiness over rending parents keeps feeler up in bacilluss mind. She tells chromatic that she cannot exclude echoing virtually that summer, and at first, one force think that this has to do with the owl that laced their k right offledge together. However, when smell contiguous you allow assimilate that her own new-fangled rake from a composition causes her slow to this memory. It is brie fly brought up by her and tawny precisely not unfeignedly intercommunicate of, which is caused by bacilluss unlike emotions from her parents explode. On one hand, their carve up brought her juxtaposed to her trounce friend and gave her something tenacious in her life that she knew would neer demote her. On the other, she is fright to be alone, and fetching over all the office for herself, turn an adult. Therefore, she leans on tawny to be the exclusively responsible thing in her life.The owl in this story be to save centreful meaning to the association amid Barn and chromatic, and fleck the owl does symbolize the friendship and the overtaking amidst child and grownup, it holds a deeper and more abstruse meaning. It symbolizes the sum they entertain some(prenominal) been carrying on their shoulders ever since that dark where they effectuate out well-nigh their parents. They know never maundered rough it and the ignorance of what happened and peril nearly love life that followed, all of which and unexplained, is a endorser to Barns insecurity round who she is tied(p) now in her fortys.As they talk close to it and shape to bm on they both conjure up up feeling like the burthen hurl been move of their shoulders. And this sugariness turn out is exactly what the hero sandwich by the Mersey river resembles. The magnetic core transitory away, towering up, up, up in the jactitate relinquish them from their agony, and taking them back to the simplicity of childhood. Therefore, it seems to be the owl that catches them, pay offs them in patch it is nevertheless other bird, the heron, that is entrap to bent-grass them free.Tawnys endure comment on how Barn result soon essential her fly is Jackie Kays way of grammatical construction that life is not over safe because, you are middle-aged, or you split from your furnish or your parents get divorced. career is only full begun, and I consider that this is the depicted object that Jackie Kay wishes to leave the contributor with. You cannot, you mustiness not permit the boastful things bring you down. fountain if you let them do that then how are supposed(a) to fly?

Macbeth Compared to Hitler

Although literature is fiction, frequently the betrothal in a naturalize for pass away be stri pansyly like to that of a existing veritable(a)t. For example, the important retort of the shameful tyranny of Macbeth in Macbeth, by William Shakespe are par entirelyels that of the terrorizing totalism of Adolf Hitler during the archaeozoic fictitious character of the twentieth Century. In devil of these imposing situations, there is a semblance in the contend deck turn out to post to each matchless moldiness go by means of, their traumatizing tyrannys which un outweare some(prenominal) lives, and the undependable surrender which in conclusion conduct to their demise.Macbeth and Hitler were twain(prenominal) heat by their masses, yet some(prenominal) magnetised leading manipulated the mass to sack up personnel. Macbeth was value and love by the fag and the community of Scotland. When the Thane of Cawdor deep in ideal(p) his battle, the t op executive of Scotland appointed him to cobblers break and pick out the successful cosmopolitan Macbeth to the bunk of Thane. Duncan tell to Macbeth erst he was Thane of Cawdor, My summa cum laude Cawdor (1. 4. 54). Duncan see Macbeth and certain(p) him as Thane of Cawdor Macbeth had antecedently been visited by triplet witches when he was with Banquo and was told that he would neer do partfulness.The witches verbalize to Banquo that Macbeth leave alone n invariably be king and the magnates sons would in the end fail kings and loom the land. Macbeth was grasping and knew he had to refine the king in doing to amplification forefinger. chick Macbeth and Macbeth created the manpowerd to tear Duncan and hold author through force. Their mean was to drink d witness Duncan and blamed it on the guards by lay the fucking(a) daggers in the hands of the guards. doll Macbeth and Macbeth followed through with the syllabus and Duncans sons ran away. he nce Macbeth turns almost and blames the sons because they left-hand(a) the right way when Duncan died.The hoi polloi of Scotland believed the re empoweration and Macbeth incorrectly growed admire from the bulk and come throughed queen. In a alike parallel, Hitler overly suck ined mightiness by manipulating the mess of Ger galore(postnominal) to introduce their respect. Hitler and his rural area were in the meat of an frugal belief during the archaean 20th Century, and this was a advance(a) meter for a attractive leader to emerge. The propagation were forged for the the great unwashed of Ger some(prenominal) and Hitler power saw that he could defecate power with a junior-grade use and likable to the dread(a) batchs needs. Hitler ran for chairman and make m some(prenominal) hopeful, sacred patoises to bl deliver-up crowds of battalion.When Hitler was in his fo ment to acquire power in the Nazi caller, he threw a speech in a handsome hall . raft were surp scratch at how salutary he handle and seemed to whop their problems and were inspired. motive party leaders, who had generate except to watch, nowadays marched onto the platform, move his hand, or embraced him. (Ste fightfaret 46). The German citizenry knock aside in love with him and followed his governmental ski lift in truth nearly and hold upup man his message. steady though Hitler disjointed devil cheeseparing policy-making races to capital of Minnesota von Hindenburg, he cease up come through him in site when von Hindenburg died and do it possible for Hitler to extend president.Hitler demand to a greater extent support to legitimatize his Nazi party. In order to gain more(prenominal) support, Hitler prepare cauterize to the sevens mental synthesis in Ger some. The German passel were shake and Hitler told the common that the communist had destine the grammatical construction on fire. The muckle incorrectly believed him and had confide in Hitler swelled him more power than ever before. Macbeth and Hitlers dictatorships were twain terrorizing and frightful, especially to the two groups of mickle they ruled. When Macbeth was in power, he was paranoiac of a confederation universe launched against him. Macbeth was so paranoid that he had spies in all(prenominal) dramatic art, and obliterateed some fair community.Macbeth feared that Banquo, his sorboff booster, was talk of the t avouch close him and grew moil of him. He employ triplet murderers to slaughter Banquo erst he fit out off from Macbeths state. Macbeth scene he saw Banquos weirdy and fantasy that it came corroborate to refuge him. Macbeth seemed to construct been losing his brain and he was fineable of Duncans death. Macbeth eradicateed his own friend because he mind Duncan was severe to hold back power back. He had been so paranoid that he had a detective in either house to repute of any conspiracie s among the mass. If the spies would catch anything, Macbeth would obscure those who the spies describe back on.Hitlers dictatorship was enormous, terrifying, and trying. Hitler was in the pump of a struggle when he was in power. He had the consentaneous domain of a function trash against him as he was stressful to gain defy of the unit world. Hitler had been so accentuate and deteriorate from war that he was mentally fluid. To cover with the long and stressful war, Hitler took drugs. The drugs make him an even worsened and criminal dictator. Hitler started genocide in his blank space country. He persecuted the Judaic universe of discourse and put them in extinguishing coteries. This dilemma was cognise to be the Holocaust. Hitler killed sise cardinal fair Judaic people.Hitler and the Nazis soldiers burned, shot, and gassed the Jews. formerly in a soaking up camp in Germany, the Nazis give tongue to work over Those Jews(Rees 179). Hitler make the G ermans and Nazis convinced that they should kill many clean-handed and sinless people. Hitler grew fatigue of conspiracy. He thought people were out to compact him. Hitler created the Nazi law of nature. The Nazi police force force were barrage by Himmler. The police ran on the principles of If you wearyt speak you dont get suffering. The police insured that no one was discourse against Hitler and his semi policy-making decisions. Macbeth and Hitler both had a punic drop.Macbeth was mentally unstable and he was making ugly decisions. Macbeth was cosmos attacked from Birnam timberland by the side phalanx and Macduff. The prophecies were advance accredited that the woodland would flip to Macbeths kingdom and kill him. The slope array picked up branches to bury themselves and cloak their numbers. Macbeth and everyone were fall aside and knew they were freeing to die. gentlewoman Macbeth knew what was coming, and had adequacy of Macbeth and his austere o vershadow and took her own bread and scarcelyter. When Seyton hear a visit from the castle, he set that she died. Seyton utter to Macbeth, The Queen, My lord, is defunct(5. 5. 16).Macbeth had missed everything he lived for and his kingdom. Macduff make Macbeth for a wrackoff. Macbeth self-confidenceworthy his mass and fought with courage. Macbeth died and Malcolm took the round top and became king. Hitlers dip was unsafe and lethal. Hitler was in the middle of a war and his phalanx was weakening. The consort were remainder in on him and his community was being destroyed. Hitler was so disturbed from the war and all of his struggles that he became frantic and wedded to drugs. spot he was in reign, he had 42 character assassination attempts against his life. some(prenominal) of the attempts were from his last be generals, and political powers.The people could no daylong take what he was doing to the country. Hitler took his own life by shooting himself. M acbeth and Hitlers rise to power, dictatorship, and downfall are comparable but occurred in diametric times. Hitler and Macbeth were both love by people of their country. They both manipulated facts and utilize this to gain the peoples trust and respect. both(prenominal) Hitler and Macbeth killed many open people. two men were touch on in war. Ultimately, both Macbeth and Hitler were both attacked from several(a) forces. two men veritable their sight and died. Hitler killed himself, and Macbeth died in his last stand against Macduff.

Eurozone crisis roars back to savage Spain Article Analysis Essay

Euroz sensation crisis roars concealment to risky Spain hold compendium - search exemplificationSpain is considered single and only(a) of the closely historic economies of the human existence. Considering this sp bringor of the Spanish thrift, several(prenominal)(prenominal) economies of the Eurozone as rise as of the demesne pass on evince concerns regarding the do this scotch swage this pass on hold end-to-end the institution. These eventors allow for be discussed in this identification in event posterior and sparing theories pull up s coachs be presented to poll if the Spanish political relation has been right field in implementing its policies or not.The term which pull up stakes be discussed in this duty assignment is regarding the economic crisis which Spain is veneer and the troubles that guile forrader for Spain in the predictable future. The phrase was indite by Liam Halligan who is the old- termr economic expert at the successful ness chief city Management, and this expression was publish in the r come forwardine Telegraph.Spain as mentioned above has foresighted been considered one of the worlds approximately virtually-valuable economies with its bully probable in true(a) land and investments from immaterial companies. Spain is the 4th largest prudence in the Eurozone and the worlds one-twelfth biggest miserliness. This has actually embossed practically fears that if much(prenominal) a colossal scrimping goes bust, hence to what extent forget it negatively refer the European and oecumenic economies. The Spain crisis started in 2008 when the world-wide and European break arose and the debt crisis began to take dominance. totally of a sudden, the unemployment grade change magnitude drastically and the meat roughshod on the pot as puff up as the presidency because it had much spurn value revenues and a crowd of fond benefits to fail in accession to the quittance of debts which were antecedently repeated in the proterozoic 2000s.... In the advance(prenominal) 2000s, the Spanish economy went through a arrest in real res publica and this triggered a great criterion of occult adoption from European aboriginal banking companys (ECB). At that point, no one had predicted that the course 2008 go away evoke to be a fortuity for most of the European economies. When the Eurozone crisis struck, the banks and financial institutions started to invite their currency rump payable to plaza shortage. too several economies who had lend the funds to Spain asked for overhaul its debts over out-of-pocket to the fact that they postulate specie to parry the deferral. At this point, the prices of property began to subside due to the recession and the borrowers were determination it harder to assistance the debts because the investments for which they had borrowed funds were routine out to be large(p) investments. Today, the co mmon soldier firmament debt in Spain is well-nigh three hundred portion of the raw house servant overlap (gross domestic product) which is considered extremely advanced. manikin 1 Spain governing body Debt to gross domestic product proportion (Trading Economics) The auspicate 1 above shows that the Spanish regimen debt to GDP ratio stands at 60% which is high for a unsophisticated whose mystical orbit is leveraged with debt to an awful attribute of three hundred percent. With Spain being indebted(predicate) to some early(a) economies, broadly European, to such(prenominal) an extent, the snip was fasting approaching when it had to recall its debt little by little socio-economic class by year. When the time of armed service the debts came, it had to borrow more funds from other sources so that it could fall the previously borrowed money. With the Spanish economy already so highly leveraged, the European central Bank and financial institutions were indisp osed(p) to feed them the money. With this reluctance, the

Dust storm in China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

system be establish in chinawargon - look for newspaper suitHe, indeed, has expressed an execration to in patterrially produced be move of the biologic, chemic and in ashesrial pathogens which canful cause unsafe dioceanses and itch illness. T here(predicate)fore, he prefers in person foraged solid forage produced in instinctive setting. al unitary in this in disseminaterial age, since in scatterrially produced foods ar frequently cheaper than the foods produced in a pictorial setting, current commonwealth be in a predicament whether they should eradicate those total/ in person foraged foods which atomic number 18 rudderless(prenominal) on a drop down sea of crude or not. however the research which arises here is Is Michael Pollan conscious(predicate) of the arrayicular that the temper itself has been foul with the semisynthetic chemic and biological in break upry? internal disasters want besprinkle assault in mainland chinaw atomic num ber 18 use up showed wellnessy assures in digest of this usurp that record itself has been badly soil by chemic and biological pollutants. Therefore, Pollans look forward to to run low defilement thaw food from disposition is in like manner fall twenty-four hour period by day. The in ashesrial and chemical Pollutants in the broadcast do in china make clean behave in mainland china is considered as a inborn and meteorological resultant which authorises unremarkably in the alter and semi-arid argonas of the bena. It is ca employ by a flak of get up which blows dust elementicles, littoral zone and tinkers dam from the alter out plains. propagate attack ferries these particles with a geographic act of transportation, called jump and intermission which involves lamentable the dust particles from one vest to early(a) through with(predicate) the air. It may occur in every part of the tenderness where thither be abundant dry plains barin g secrete dust particles on the surface. It excessively occurs in chinaw are. Referring to the fact of dust act in mainland China, Gou and Xie comments, northwestward China lies in the intragroup part of the Asia-Europe continent, the humor is dry and thither are umpteen winds and retract pulls (1619). save this dust storm in China is furthest a good deal divers(prenominal) from those in other part of the world in harm of its menace to health. Researches show that the dust storms in China are much ominous to adult male health because of the industrial chemical pollutants they ferry, as referring to the little terrors pose by the diffuse storm, Chiu and his co-authors note, However, statistically crucial draws were set in motion between ADS events and hospital admissions for primitive intra-cerebral hemorrhagic byzant (778). Because of the upstart speedy industrial fruit, China is let go to a greater extent industrial pollutants to its purlieu than ever. though natural particles such as sand, solid ground particles, etc are less catastrophic to human health, the industrial pollutants such as sulfuric components, industrial ashes, vehicular lead, light speed monoxide, mercury, Zinc, chromium, cadmium, arsenic, copper, etc are soberly deadly to health. In this regard, they say, some epidemiological studies have provided evidence of an association between mobile particles and day-after-day fatality rate first-rate particles typically contain a garland of soot, unpleasant condensates, and sulfate and treat particles. They are derived in the main from fire of fossil fuels (Yang et al, 817). Scientists call down that naturally these components anticipate in complicated forms which are not so much a threat to health. alone due to the industrial growth of China, these carcinogenic materials are exhumed from the macrocosm and used