Science an Technology as Engines of Economic Growth ad Development Essay Example for Free

Science an Technology as Engines of Economic Growth ad Development Essay kind Consequences of the industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution brought many changes to western civilization. Two of the most significant well-disposed consequences of the Industrial Revolution argon urban crowding and worker safety. Migration of workers to urban areas, where factory work was available, was a major contributor of over-crowding in these areas. This gave rise to increasing crime rates, housing, and sanitation issues (Zonderman, 1992 ). Unemployment was high and at that place was no job security. Injured workers were replaced without compensation. With the Industrial Revolution, child labor was common, as machines simplified the work and it was cheaper to leave children. Injury rates among factory workers were high. Small hands were easily caught in the machines. In the early 1830s legislations were put in place to protect the workers (Honeyman, 2008). These early factory laws were concerned with health, safety, working hours and working conditions. pulverisation conditions were regulated by the states and in1833 the pulverisation Act was passed (Honeyman, 2008).The Industrial Revolution and CapitalismCapitalism is an economic arrangement in which means of production are owned by individuals or private companies, who invest cash to make a profit. Capitalism focuses on the free market with little or no governmental regulations. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, agriculture was the primary means of support and people worked within their homes (Zonderman, 1992 ). With the event of the Industrial Revolution society changed to one of commodities and production and the need to make individual profit. Machines gave rise to increased productiveness and reduced the need for skilled orspecialized laborers (Zonderman, 1992 ). The ability to produce goods on a bear-sized scale allowed for these goods to be sold for less. Individuals or companies with money could in vest in newer technologist, finding faster and cheaper slipway to produce goods. This destroyed small, local businesses, forcing them to seek employment as factory workers. With more people want employment, and no minimum wage, laborers were paid cheaper wages. Child labor was prevalent and work conditions deplorable. There were no fair to middling or fair compensation for these workers. All lucre were kept by these individuals and companies increasing their wealth.Capitalism and collectivism.Communism focuses on the division of wealth as a union, sharing profits and losses. The goal of the communist theory, is equivalence among all members of society. The communist theory was born to counteract the abuses of the capitalist society, advocating for workers rights (Hands, 2011). Karl Marx believed that capitalism was just the latest haoma of exploitation in a long list of tyrannical rule (Hands, 2011). Marx ideal society, based on the communist theory, would see the disappeara nce of row structure, equal rights for men, women, and children, equal and adequate housing for everyone, with everyone working for the avail of each otherwise.Differences between Capitalist and Communist Philosophies.The capitalist society promotes individual gains and give rise to a class system. Individuals own the means of production and invest their capital to make a profit for themselves. These profits are not shared with the working class who help to make the profits. The communist theory, on the other hand, promotes community properties and equality for all. Businesses and properties would be government owned and everyone share equally in the profits and losses. Benefits are based on individual needs (Hands, 2011). The capitalist philosophy gives rise to a distinct class system, where the elites are the rulers (they own the wealth, therefore they make the rules). The wealthy investors had access to the best schools, housing and medical economic aid as they could afford t o pay for the services. In the communist philosophy, the class system would disappear. Everyone work for the good of the community and enjoy equal, good quality housing, education, and medicalcare.ReferencesHands, G. (2011). Understanding Marx . London, GBR Hodder Education. Honeyman, K. (2008). Book Cover Child Workers in England, 1780-1820 Parish Apprenticeship and the do of the Early Industrial Labour Force. Abingdon, Oxon, GBR Ashgate Publishing Group . Zonderman, D. A. ( 1992 ). Book Cover Aspirations and Anxieties New England Workers and the Mechanized Factory System, 1815-1850. Cary, NC, USA Oxford University Press .